Referencias bibliográficas

1. Reich DS, Lucchinetti CF, Calabresi PA. Multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(2):169-80. [Pubmed]
2. Thompson AJ, Banwell BL, Barkhof F, Carroll WM, Coetzee T, Comi G, et al. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria. Lancet Neurol. 2018;17(2):162-73. [Pubmed]
3. Miller DH, Weinshenker BG, Filippi M, Banwell BL, Cohen JA, Freedman MS, et al. Differential diagnosis of suspected multiple sclerosis: a consensus approach. Mult Scler. 2008;14(9):1157-74. [Pubmed]
4. Brownlee WJ, Hardy TA, Fazekas F, Miller DH. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: progress and challenges. Lancet. 2017;389(10076):1336-46. [Pubmed]
5. Toosy AT, Mason DF, Miller DH. Optic neuritis. Lancet Neurol. 2014;13(1):83-99. [Pubmed]
6. Jacob A, Weinshenker BG. An approach to the diagnosis of acute transverse myelitis. Semin Neurol. 2008;28(1):105-20. [Pubmed]
7. Lopez Chiriboga S, Flanagan EP. Myelitis and Other Autoimmune Myelopathies. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2021;27(1):62-92. [Pubmed]
8. Theodoridou A, Settas L. Demyelination in rheumatic diseases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2006;77(3):290-5. [Pubmed]
9. Miller DH, Chard DT, Ciccarelli O. Clinically isolated syndromes. Lancet Neurol. 2012;11(2):157-69. [Pubmed]
10. Hardy TA, Reddel SW, Barnett MH, Palace J, Lucchinetti CF, Weinshenker BG. Atypical inflammatory demyelinating syndromes of the CNS. Lancet Neurol. 2016;15(9):967-81. [Pubmed]
11. Love S. Demyelinating diseases. J Clin Pathol. 2006;59(11):1151-9. [Pubmed]
12. Hintzen RQ, Dale RC, Neuteboom RF, Mar S, Banwell B. Pediatric acquired CNS demyelinating syndromes: Features associated with multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 2016;87(9 Suppl 2):S67-S73. [Pubmed]
13. Wingerchuk DM, Banwell B, Bennett JL, Cabre P, Carroll W, Chitnis T, et al. International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Neurology. 2015;85(2):177-89. [Pubmed]
14. Jarius S, Paul F, Aktas O, Asgari N, Dale RC, de Seze J, et al. MOG encephalomyelitis: international recommendations on diagnosis and antibody testing. J Neuroinflammation. 2018;15(1):134. [Pubmed]
15. Krings T. Vascular malformations of the spine and spinal cord: anatomy, classification, treatment. Clin Neuroradiol. 2010;20(1):5-24. [Pubmed]
16. Gotuzzo E, Cabrera J, Deza L, Verdonck K, Vandamme AM, Cairampoma R, et al. Clinical characteristics of patients in Peru with human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1-associated tropical spastic paraparesis. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39(7):939-44. [Pubmed]
17. Stabler SP. Clinical practice. Vitamin B12 deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(2):149-60. [Pubmed]
18. Kumar N. Copper deficiency myelopathy (human swayback). Mayo Clin Proc. 2006;81(10):1371-84. [Pubmed]
19. Depienne C, Stevanin G, Brice A, Durr A. Hereditary spastic paraplegias: an update. Curr Opin Neurol. 2007;20(6):674-80. [Pubmed]
20. Huffnagel IC, van Ballegoij WJC, van Geel BM, Vos JMBW, Kemp S, Engelen M. Progression of myelopathy in males with adrenoleukodystrophy: towards clinical trial readiness. Brain. 2019;142(2):334-43. [Pubmed]
21. Brusse E, Maat-Kievit JA, van Swieten JC. Diagnosis and management of early- and late-onset cerebellar ataxia. Clin Genet. 2007;71(1):12-24. [Pubmed]
22. Piotrowska A, Korwin M, Bartnik E, Tońska K. Leber hereditary optic neuropathy - historical report in comparison with the current knowledge. Gene. 2015 Jan 15;555(1):41-9. [Pubmed]
23. Calabrese M, Gasperini C, Tortorella C, Schiavi G, Frisullo G, Ragonese P, et al. “Better explanations” in multiple sclerosis diagnostic workup: a 3-year longitudinal study. Neurology. 2019;92(22):e2527-e2537. [Pubmed]
24. Negrotto L, Tur C, Tintoré M, Arrambide G, Sastre-Garriga J, Río J, et al. Should we systematically test patients with clinically isolated syndrome for auto-antibodies? Mult Scler. 2015;21(14):1802-10. [Pubmed]
25. Wattjes MP, Ciccarelli O, Reich DS, Banwell B, de Stefano N, Enzinger C, et al.; Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis study group; Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centres; North American Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis Cooperative MRI guidelines working group. 2021 MAGNIMS-CMSC-NAIMS consensus recommendations on the use of MRI in patients with multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol. 2021;20(8):653-70. [Pubmed]
26. Solomon AJ. Diagnosis, Differential Diagnosis, and Misdiagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2019;25(3):611-35. [Pubmed]